Testosterone is a hormone that plays an essential part in men's health, but its primary purpose is to enhance sex drive and performance.

Testosterone levels tend to drop as people become older. They reach a peak in early adulthood and then begin to decline at a rate of up to 1% each year around the age of 40. An injury or disease (such as an infection), chemotherapy or radiation treatment, or some medicines can induce a sudden fall.

Men might suffer from a weak libido and erectile dysfunction when testosterone levels drop too low. Low levels can also lead to tiredness, mood swings, loss of muscular mass, and bone strength.

Most men can maintain sufficient testosterone levels long into their late adulthood. Maintaining good health might also assist to slow down the ageing process. Many older men, however, consider testosterone replacement treatment (TRT) as a way to replenish decreased levels. It's reasonable to believe that TRT might make a man feel younger and give his sex life more physical strength and good health.

Protein is necessary for men to maintain muscle mass and strength as they age. According to research published online by JAMA Internal Medicine on July 13, 2020, the source of that protein may also influence how long people live. Scientists studied the diets of almost 400,000 people aged 50 and over who ate plant-based protein, red meat, and eggs. After then, they were tracked for more than 16 years. People who ate primarily plant protein rather than red meat or egg protein had a 13 per cent to 24 per cent decreased chance of dying from any cause.


Whether you're throwing a birthday celebration or a barbeque with friends, this selection of summer cakes ideas will provide you with fun creative cake designs to try!  Colty Beth has produced a lot of buttercream cakes and we're excited to share our favourites from the collection of birthday cakes. We hope you will discover something on this list that you will enjoy!



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Natural growth hormone is produced and secreted by the pituitary gland in the brain. It is responsible for early body development when combined with other hormones such as IGF-1 (insulin growth factor 1).

Growth hormone helps the body utilise fat for energy and continues to play a role in protein creation throughout your life. Children that are deficient in growth hormone do not reach their full height potential and have short stature. In these children, the FDA approved a synthetic human growth hormone (HGH) as a substitute, which helps them grow taller.



Synthetic HGH became a popular but illegal performance-enhancing drug in the early 1980s. The hype around human growth hormone and superior athletic performance has always been bigger than reality.

Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS), commonly known as chronic prostatitis, is one of the most perplexing and difficult-to-manage diseases that affects older men. For males, the condition is all too real, and it's also one of the hardest to treat.

After the age of 50, males frequently experience "down there" discomfort. Cramping, aching, or throbbing discomfort in and around your pelvis and genitals might be the cause. You could also experience problems in the bedroom and the bathroom. While the issues are real, determining what is causing them is frequently challenging.

Dr. Michael O'Leary, a urologist and professor of surgery at Harvard-affiliated Brigham and Women's Hospital, calls it an "orphan disease" since it has no known etiology or proven treatments, making it difficult to diagnose and frustrating for men seeking help.

CPPS is characterized as pelvic pain that persists for at least three months out of every six months without infection.

CPPS has a significant influence on the quality of life, despite the fact that it is not life-threatening. CPPS is linked to erectile dysfunction and painful ejaculations, in addition to the often debilitating pain. Many males with the condition have frequent, urgent urination as well as a burning sensation while voiding. As a result, CPPS may cause anxiety and depression.

CPPS is often difficult to diagnose. Problems might appear and disappear at any time. For example, the soreness may go away for a few weeks or even months before reappearing. If the symptoms return, they may be more or less severe than previously, or they may be replaced by new ones. Furthermore, symptoms may resemble those of prostate infection or an enlarged prostate gland.

"For years, guys would go to their doctor's office and complain about their issues, and then they'd leave with an antibiotic prescription and that was it.


Getting  relief

It might take time and patience for a man and his doctor to come to the conclusion that CPPS is the cause of his symptoms.

CPPS is diagnosed when symptoms are suggestive and no other cause can be found.

Your doctor will do a physical examination, which will include a rectal examination, and will likely prescribe urine and blood tests to check for symptoms of infection and kidney function. Additional testing, such as a CT scan, an MRI, or a cystoscopy, may be required (a procedure to look inside your bladder). Your doctor may also use the UPOINT system (see "On point with UPOINT"). If your exam reveals no other issues, CPPS is the most likely diagnosis.

On point with UPOINT

To identify persistent pelvic pain syndrome, some doctors utilize a method called UPOINT. This is used to rate a person's symptoms, as well as their intensity and location. UPOINT means:

Urinary symptoms

Psychosocial symptoms

Organ-specific symptoms for those affecting only the prostate

Infection-related symptoms

Neurologic symptoms

Tenderness in the muscles and pelvic floor.

Even if CPPS is identified, there is no set treatment protocol, according to Dr. O'Leary. He explains, "It's a trial-and-error approach."

Nonetheless, there is a multitude of useful options. Here are some common techniques for easing and managing symptoms. It's common for patients to attempt a few different therapies before finding one that works, and sometimes a combination of treatments is required.

PSA blood testing is highly regarded as an efficient method of monitoring disease activity in males diagnosed with prostate cancer. PSA testing, on the other hand, is problematic as a prostate cancer screening technique.

While PSA levels usually increase as men age, very high levels may indicate prostate cancer. Unless there has been a rapid spike from a considerably lower value, a PSA level of fewer than 4 nanograms per millilitre (ng/mL) is often reassuring. Many physicians consider a total PSA level greater than 10 ng/mL to be the threshold for obtaining a biopsy to rule out cancer.



What if your PSA level is between 4 and 10 ng/mL?


While a man with a PSA level in this range may still have prostate cancer, other possible reasons such as an enlarged or inflammatory prostate are equally likely. Should you have a biopsy or should you wait?

Men with somewhat to moderately high PSA levels can now undergo additional noninvasive testing before undergoing a biopsy. It is essential to speak with a urologist to determine the next appropriate measures. "Discussing these alternatives with a urologist might help men avoid an unnecessary and uncomfortable procedure with possible side effects," says Dr Marc Garnick, a urologic cancer expert affiliated with Harvard's Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.

Here's an overview of these tests and how they can help you and your doctor determine if you require a biopsy.

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